unless, as soon as & so ... that ...

連詞是一種虛詞，不能充擔(dān)一個(gè)句子成分，但可以起連接的作用。unless, as soon as和so ... that ... 都是連詞，均可用來引導(dǎo)從句。

◆unless意為“除非；如果不”，相當(dāng)于if ... not ...，用來引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。如：

I won’t go fishing unless it is fine tomorrow.

= I won’t go fishing if it isn’t fine tomorrow.

◆as soon as意為“一……就……”，用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。如：

 I will tell you as soon as Mark arrives here.

提示：

1. 通常情況下，在含有unless和as soon as的復(fù)合句中，如果主句用一般將來時(shí)或主句的謂語部分含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，那么unless和as soon as引導(dǎo)的從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

2. unless和as soon as引導(dǎo)的從句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，從句位于主句之前時(shí)，常用逗號將其與主句隔開。

◆so ... that ... 意為“如此……以至于……”，用來引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。其中，so修飾形容詞或副詞，常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有：“so+形容詞 / 副詞+that從句”和“so+形容詞+a / an +可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式+that從句”。如：

I’m so interested in the job that I will try to get it.

He is so kind a boy that we all like him.

【鏈接】

so ... that ... 結(jié)構(gòu)可與too ... to ...結(jié)構(gòu)， ... enough

to ... 結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，但是如果that引導(dǎo)的從句中的主語和主句中的主語不同，轉(zhuǎn)化為too ... to ... 結(jié)構(gòu)或 ... enough to ... 結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)要用for引出邏輯主語。如：

1. He spoke so fast that we could hardly follow him.

→He spoke too fast for us to follow.

2. The boy is so tall that he can get the pears on the tree. →The boy is tall enough to get the pears on the tree.

【運(yùn)用】

Ⅰ. 單項(xiàng)選擇

1. I usually sleep with the window open ________ it’s really cold.

A. if                     B. because   

C. so                   D. unless   (2016 江蘇淮安)

2. My family always go somewhere interesting ________ the holiday begins.

A. as soon as     B. so     

C. so that           D. even though (2016 天津)

3. The book is ________ interesting ________ I can’t put it down.

A. so; that          B. such; that   

C. too; to           D. very; that (2016 廣西賀州)

Ⅱ. 漢譯英

1. 這個(gè)女孩如此聰明，以至于她很快就解出了這道數(shù)學(xué)題。

_________________________________________

2. 除非他給我打電話，否則我不會(huì)離開這兒。

_________________________________________

Ⅲ. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。

A: Tina was so careless that she made lots of mistakes in the exam.

B: Tina wasn’t ________ ________ to make lots of mistakes in the exam. (2016 四川巴中)

答案

Ⅰ. 1-3 DAA

Ⅱ. 1. The girl is so clever that she worked out the math problem quickly. 

2. Unless he calls me, I won’t leave here.

Ⅲ. careful enough